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USS Tennessee (BB-43)
USS ''Tennessee'' (BB-43), the lead ship of her class of battleship, was the third ship of the United States Navy named in honor of the 16th US state.〔 During World War II in the Pacific Theater, she was damaged during the attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941 but was repaired and modernized. She participated in shore bombardments at the Aleutian Islands, Tarawa, the Marshall Islands, the Marianas, the Philippines, Iwo Jima, Okinawa, etc. She was also involved in the Battle of Surigao Strait, the final battleship vs. battleship conflict ever.
After the end of World War II, the ''Tennessee'' was placed on reserve in the "mothball fleet" for nearly 15 years before finally being scrapped in 1959.
== Design and construction ==
The ''Tennessee's'' keel was laid down on 14 May 1917 at the New York Naval Shipyard. She was launched on 30 April 1919, sponsored by Miss Helen Lenore Roberts, daughter of Tennessee governor Albert H. Roberts, and commissioned on 3 June 1920, Captain Richard H. Leigh in command.
The ''Tennessee'' and her sister ship, the , were the first American battleships built to a "post-Jutland" hull design. As a result of extensive experimentation and testing, her underwater hull protection was much greater than that of previous battleships, and both her main and secondary batteries had fire-control systems. The , and the three ships of the that followed, were identified by two heavy cage masts supporting large optical fire-control systems. This feature was to distinguish the "Big Five" from the rest of the battleship force until World War II. Since the ''Tennessee''s turret guns could be elevated as high as 30 degrees rather than only to the 15 degrees of the earlier U.S. Navy battleships, her heavy guns could fire an additional 10,000 yards (9,100 meters). Because the battleships were beginning to carry airplanes to spot long-range gunfire, ''Tennessee's'' ability to shoot "over the horizon" had a practical value.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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